Types	Cases	Percentage (N=100)
Well differentiated adenocarcinoma	7	25.90
Moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma	9	33.35
Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma	5	18.50
Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with signet ring cell morphology	6	22.25

Site	Cases	Percentage (N=100)
Body	7	26
Antrum	14	51.80
Pylorus	2	7.40
D1 region	4	14.80
D2 region	0	0
Total (N=27)	27

Biopsy sampling of the gastric mucosa during endoscopy provides useful information which helps in the diagnosis of various lesions. The most common indications for gastric biopsy are; to detect various types of gastritis along with evidence of gastric ulcers, different tumors and Helicobacter pylori status.

In the present study, out of the 100 gastroduodenal biopsies, 59 cases were from gastric region and rest 41 cases were from the duodenum. The present study is consistent with the studies made by Shanmugasamy K et al [7], Vijayabasker Mithun KR et al [8], S. Hirachand et al [9], Deepa Rani et al [10] and Veenaa Venkatesh et al [11] which shows that gastric biopsies are more common compared to duodenal biopsies.

In the present study, the number of male patients were 65 and female patients were 35. Male (M) : female (F) ratio is 1.85: 1. The present study is consistent with the studies made by Dr Vishwapriya M. Godkhindi et al [12], Poonam Sharma et al [13] and S. Hirachand et al [9] which shows male preponderance in gastroduodenal lesions.

In the present study, the highest number of cases were in the age group of 41-50 years followed by 51-60 years. The present study is consistent with the studies made by Shanmugasamy K et al [7], Manasa P Kumari et al [14], Vijayabasker Mithun KR et al [8] and Kaur Manpreet et al [15] which show that gastroduodenal lesions are more common in the 5^th and 6th decade of life.

In the present study, the most common clinical complaint was pain abdomen followed by dyspepsia. The present study is consistent with the studies done by Dr Vishwapriya M. Godkhindi et al [12], Rosy Khandelia et al [16] and Sharma S et al [17] which show that pain abdomen is the most common presenting symptom but not consistent with Sonam Pruthi S et al [18] and Shanmugasamy K et al [7] which show dyspepsia as the most common presenting symptom. This disparity may be due to food habits, geographic variations or social habits. In the present study, there were 56 non neoplastic cases, 11 premalignant cases and 27 malignant cases. The present study is consistent with the studies done by S. Hirachand et al [9], Kaur Manpreet et al [15], Deepa Rani et al [10] and Sharma S et al [17] which show non neoplastic lesions are more common than neoplastic lesions in the gastroduodenal region.

In the present study, there were 26 cases of gastritis, 21 cases of duodenitis, 3 cases of polyp and 6 cases of celiac disease respectively among the non neoplastic category. The present study is consistent with the studies done by Dr A Sultana et al [19], Kirana Pailoor et al [20], Shanmugasamy K et al [7], Kaur Manpreet et al [15] and Veenaa Venkatesh et al [11] which show that most common non neoplastic lesion in the gastroduodenal region is chronic gastritis.

In the present study, there were total of 27 cases (27%) of malignancy out of which 23 cases (85.1%) are of Carcinoma Stomach and rest 4 cases (14.8%) are of Carcinoma Duodenum. The present study is consistent with the studies done by Kirana Pailoor et al [20] and Shanmugasamy K et al [7] which show that the most common site of neoplastic lesion in the gastroduodenal region is the stomach.

In the present study, there were total of 27 cases of malignancy, out of which maximum number of cases were of Moderately differentiated Adenocarcinoma. The present study is consistent with the studies made by Shanmugasamy K et al [7] and S. Hirachand et al [9] which show that most common type of gastric neoplasm is moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma.

In the present study, the most common duodenal lesion is Duodenitis out of which 12 cases were Non specific duodenitis and rest 9 cases were Chronic duodenitis. The present study is consistent with the studies made by Kirana Pailoor et al [20], Shanmugasamy K et al [7], S. Hirachand et al [9], Kaur Manpreet et al [15] and Veenaa Venkatesh et al [11] which show that Non specific duodenitis is most common among duodenal lesions.

Strength of the Study

Premalignant lesions are found among study population which show that early detection with the help of endoscopy and biopsy will help in prompt intervention and better management of the patient.

Weakness of the Study

The limitation of the present study is the sample size which is very less and done for a very short duration.

The study is a hospital based cross sectional study due to which follow up of the cases were not possible.

In conclusion, Endoscopic gastroduodenal biopsies help in detecting benign as well as malignant lesions and also to rule out H. pylori infection. A variety of non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions were reported in the present study across a wide range of age and site distribution. The commonest site of upper gastrointestinal lesions was stomach. The prevalence of gastroduodenal lesion is more common among males around the fifth decade of life. Abdominal pain and dyspepsia were the most common presenting clinical complaint. The combination of endoscopy and histopathological study of gastroduodenal biopsy provide a powerful diagnostic tool for better management of patients.