Knowledge, Attitudes and Associated Factors of Health Workers Towards Lung and other Cancers in Eswatini

Abstract

Background: Cancer is a major public health problem for both developed and developing countries, and more than 70% of cancer deaths occur in developing countries. In Eswatini, cancer is the third leading cause of morbidity and mortality among non-communicable diseases. Cancer is therefore a major health problem for the country that needs urgent attention. Amongst the major contributing factors is lack of knowledge about the disease, lack of awareness on need to screen, issues related to availability and access to screening, diagnosis and treatment services. Health workers have a direct contact with patients hence can pass information to them. This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes and associated factors of health workers towards cancer in Eswatini.
Methods: A quantitatively designed cross-sectional study was conducted among health workers using a structured questionnaire. Health workers were enrolled from 12 health facilities countrywide which included hospitals, health centres and clinics. Data were analysed using quantitative methods and presented on tables.
Results: A total of 748 health workers were enrolled in the study. Most of them (84.9%) had average knowledge about cancer. Their knowledge differed by age (p<0.001), marital status (p=0.006), employment position (p<0.001), professional qualification (p=0.001), level of education and years of employment (p<0.001). Almost all the HCWs (99.3%) had positive attitudes towards cancer.
Conclusion: The HCWs had average knowledge and positive attitudes. There is a need for training programs for HCWs to improve their knowledge as they act a source of information for the population.